SOAP is a lightweight protocol for exchange of information in a decentralized, distributed environment. It is an XML based protocol that consists of three parts:
1.An envelope that defines a framework for describing what is in a message and how to process it
2. A set of encoding rules for expressing instances of application-defined datatypes
3. A convention for representing remote procedure calls and responses.
SOAP can potentially be used in combination with a variety of other protocols
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Advantages
• Using SOAP over HTTP allows for easier communication through proxies and firewalls than previous remote execution technology.
• SOAP is versatile enough to allow for the use of different transport protocols. The standard stacks use HTTP as a transport protocol, but other protocols are also usable (e.g. SMTP).
• SOAP is platform independent.
• SOAP is language independent.
SOAP is simple and extensible.
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